Journal: International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X

Article Title: Taste-masked tilmicosin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers at pilot scale for improved bioavailability and enhanced efficacy against Salmonella infection in swine

doi: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2026.100560

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pharmacodynamic evaluation of TMS@NLCs in Salmonella -infected piglets. (A) Infection and treatment timeline. Bacterial loads in liver (B), spleen (C) and colon (D). Concentration of IL-1β (E) and IL-6 (F) in serum. mRNA expression of Claudin-1 (G) and Occludin (H) in colon. (I) Intestinal immunohistochemical for Occludin. Scale bar: 100 μm. (J) Representative histopathology of liver and colon. Scale bar, 200 μm. Black arrows: inflammatory cell infiltration; yellow arrows: erythrocytes. ⁎ P < 0.05 , ⁎⁎ P < 0.01; # P < 0.05 , ## P < 0.01. Abbreviations: Sal. ( Salmonella typhimurium SL1344), C-TMS (commercial TMS solution). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Occludin monoclonal antibody was obtained from Abmart Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Infection, Concentration Assay, Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining, Histopathology

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: HIV transgenic mouse monocytes display increased in vivo migration across the blood-brain barrier associated with increased expression of genes associated with mononuclear leukocyte movement

doi: 10.1128/jvi.02063-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: Increased transmigration of HIV transgenic monocytes into the brains of recipient mice. ( A ) Evaluation of BBB integrity by immunofluorescent visualization of the ETJ proteins claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1 in cerebral arteries 4 h after B6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with either PBS or LPS (3 mg/kg). Coronal brain sections (15-µm thick) were stained for cell nuclei (blue), claudin-5 (red), occludin (green), and ZO-1 (yellow), and were imaged at 20× magnification (scale bar = 100 µm). ( B ) Continuity of ETJ protein expression was determined by measuring the average length of blood vessels continuously stained for ETJ proteins in four different fields in similar hypothalamic regions of the mouse brain tissue for PBS and LPS-treated mice. Each symbol in the bar graph represents an average continuous ETJ expression in one visual field, with mean ± SEM shown, and the data are representative of two experiments, each done with n = 2 mice. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired t -tests between groups. ( C ) Experimental set-up and timeline. Monocytes, harvested from JRCCC bone marrow leukocytes (BML) and highly purified by immunomagnetic sorting, were injected intravenously (20 × 10 6 monocytes/mouse) into the tail veins of B6 mice 4 h after they were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (3 mg/kg, n = 4 mice) or PBS ( n = 6 mice). ( D ) DNA from harvested mouse brains was evaluated for the number of human CD4 copies by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), which represents the presence of individual JRCCC monocytes. Each symbol represents the number of human CD4 copies detected by ddPCR in the brain of an individual mouse. The individual and average number of human CD4 DNA in copies/brain for PBS or LPS-treated mice are shown with mean ± SEM (* P ≤ 0.05). ( E ) Two days after the highly purified JRCCC monocytes were injected intravenously into B6 mice, the mice were bled to quantify the level of HIV viremia by RT-qPCR. The data represent pooled data from five experiments, with each symbol representing the number of HIV RNA copies/mL in individual mice. The individual and average viral loads with mean ± SEM of HIV-Gag RNA copies/mL in the plasma of PBS or LPS-treated mice are shown.

Article Snippet: Tissue sections were then blocked in 0.1 M PBS containing 10% horse serum and 3% Triton X-100 for 1 h at room temperature, followed by overnight incubation at 4°C with the following primary antibodies, claudin-5 polyclonal rabbit antibody (1:550, Thermo Fisher, #34-1600), ZO-1 monoclonal rat antibody (1:300, Thermo Fisher, #14-9776-82), or occludin polyclonal guinea pig antibody (1:50, Origene, #AP26410PU-N).

Techniques: Transmigration Assay, Transgenic Assay, Injection, Staining, Expressing, Purification, Digital PCR, Quantitative RT-PCR, Clinical Proteomics